CHAPTER V
CULTURAL DATA
Religion System 5.1
Villagers Batukaras all Muslims. Very strong religious teaching in various aspects of daily life, though still a bit mixed with the culture. The next things that we found in the Village Batukaras:
5.1.1 The value or norm that norms derived from religion or belief
Batukaras villagers are holding fast to the Quran and Hadith, this can be seen in the way of life, where every time, especially when the prayer times, people go to the mosque to perform prayers without holding mengiraukan work and study of mothers and fathers fathers every once a month. The confidence of parents who still adhered to the ancestral beliefs (animism).
5.1.2 restrictions
Batukaras villagers strongly believe that there goddess Nyi Roro Kidul, which according to them on Friday night and forbidden to catch fish, reportedly said at the time goddess Nyi Roro Kidul is not allowed and will be very angry if there are people who still go out to sea on Friday. Other prohibitions are prohibited on the mountain hermitage Great Worship with good intentions do not, ask for the number for example.
5.1.3 Trust in the things Magical and magical
belief in supernatural or magical powers are still strong belief in family life sunda, including rural communities Batukaras Cijulang district. Village Community Batukaras believe in the supernatural as the goddess Nyi Roro Kidul, it is marked by a ceremony in which a party Maulud tribute to Dewi Roro Kidul singing a ceremonial feast known as the sea (sea lavatory). Believe in the goddess spirits in Horse Cave of the Demon snake goddess Salama (See Appendix photo), the mountain is considered sacred cone, resin stone is a typical rock Batukaras where if anyone tried to destroy the stone then it will be a very severe illness.
5.1.4 Ceremony
Traditional ceremonies are often performed at the ceremony Batukaras sea lavatory done on the moon as a sign of purification Maulud beach and boat, or known by the term meaning as ngaruat thanks for the catch of fish which is always a lot better and hope in the future, all the lavatory This sea is believed by the fishermen as a feast for the goddess Nyi Roro Kidul. In this ceremony can not be separated from the offering, including:
- Rice cone
- Artificial
- Young Coconut
- Ketupat
- Tangtang wind
- Rurujakan
- The head of a goat or buffalo
- Flower seven way
- Roko
- Eggs
- Porridge red and white, and
- Coffee
Requirements for this sea urination presented by all citizens Batukaras, where all requirements were being paraded by the society along the coast, then the fishermen went to sea in a boat to throw all the offerings except the rice cone. After throwing the offering, the fishermen returned to shore to read the letter Yaasin together after it was followed by eating rice cone. After all the rituals sea urination is completed, the village has been prepared pageklaran puppet show as entertainment for people during the day and night.
5.1.4.1 Religious
Batukaras Village Community has a high religious in every aspect of life. Behavior or actions are shown in religious ceremonies. Although the traditional ceremony itself can not be separated from religious ceremonies. Here are the usual religious ceremonies held Batukaras rural communities, among others:
- Birthday of Prophet Muhammad SAW
- Hari raya Idul Fitri
- Hari Raya Idul Adha
- New Hijri Year
Rite Life Cycle 5.1.4.2
a. birth
Sundanese culture is rich in noble, worthy to be preserved. One of the cultural richness that we found in Batukaras is about the birth ceremony, conducted by a Guguni (paraji). In addition Guguni also known as midwife. The ceremony is believed to birth Batukaras society is as follows:
- After the baby is born, Guguni off Bali from the umbilical cord or placenta and Bali were buried or swept away, depending on the request of parents of the baby. When Bali was buried, the grave should be planted with a palette (a chimney made of wood diameter ichi 1) is intended to avoid interference back from ants.
- Ceremony 40 days. This is marked by a haircut on the baby and giving the name, if at all circumcised baby girl. At this ceremony performed marhabaan led by a chaplain or clergy, where the participants are fathers. Marhabaan was conducted in the afternoon or evening. The tools used are scissors blades, bowl, flowers seven way.
b. marriage
The wedding ceremony is very sacred ceremony. Nuptial arrangement Batukaras Village is as follows:
- Application, the man came to the woman, with represented by people who believed in bringing some food. And determine the time of marriage.
- Seserahan, the man came to the woman with a few clothes and food and was escorted by relatives to the bride's house.
- Akad nikah, the event was led by Amilin or headman accompanied officers from KUA and the witnesses on the part of men or of women, usually done in the mosque.
- Provision of dowry or dowry, this is usually done by the men on the part of women, depending on the size of the dowry agreement bridegroom and women. This can be a dowry of gold, money, alast prayers.
- Entertainment, the entertainment community to Batukaras presented at the wedding, is the hum and calung but now it is often presented dangdut orchestra.
- The neighbors or citizens come to the wedding ceremony with a basin containing a light meal of rangginang, opaque and bananas. (see attached photo)
c. death
The ritual is usually done by the community when there is Batukaras meningga are as follows:
1. ceremony led body headed by an elder, where the elder is Mr. Jain Batukaras. The requirement for people who take the corpse to the cemetery (the cemetery) include: must have married, had left the worldly interests, should have masagi, meaning capable in all respects, Mr. Jain example.
2. Ceremonies 7 days (tujuhna) on this seven-day ceremony, conducted tahlilan and prayers for those who died, led by elders or clergy, and served a light meal such as rangginang, opaque and others.
3. ceremony 40 days (mature twenty) on these 40 events, made tahlilan and prayers as in the seven daily events or tujuhna. Then the grave with water by a family prayer. Then the grave was on the wall. (see attached photo)
5.2 System organization and kemasarakatan
5.2.1 Kinship
5.2.1.1 Kinship
In Batukaras community kinship which is close enough where people who had relatives diangggap was the brother of the father or mother, as emang to call the father or mother's brother male, younger aunt calls for women's father or mother, Aang calls for men more mature than us or respected and teteh to call a more mature woman or respected.
As for the pancakaki known in Batukaras (see attachment)
Marriage System 5.2.1.2
In the system we do not find marriage things specifically in the village Batukaras. Community Batukaras jodonya freed his own choosing in accordance with their beloved ones, the age limit for marriage in the village Batukaras least 17 years of age.
After marriage they usually stay in the woman's parents, if they already have their own homes, they moved after a week after the wedding ceremony took place, at the time led them to occupy the new home of the introduction of most of their own relatives to bring dishes, rice, mats and equipment other households, it indicates a siloka or symbols for the child. System of polygamy in the Village Batukaras still embraced by the community in divorce as well as where the property seterlah divorced his wife belonged.
A family is usually more than one family. In addition to parents and their children, usually in one house there was 'old-fashioned father' and 'ovarian prudish' and the law of his daughter who was married.
Division of labor in the household, a father became head of the family and duty to make a living for young families, as for the wife to work just to help the family economy alone. Village Batukaras also no gender differences in male and female alike. Decision making in the family held a family council and a decision by a majority vote or decision of the father of the family head.
5.2.2 Social organization
5.2.2.1 Structure
(See attachment)
Village Leadership Batukaras 5.2.2.2
As an administrative unit of a village has a village government system that took care of the village chief or village headman who is obligated to take care rural households, hold a meeting with residents, care of public works, as well as taking care of village property. ravine under no such thing as 'Mr. Golong' which is classified pa Rt and Rw supervise and manage all the activities that will take place at the ceremony dusunnya like sea lavatory. So pack position is classified under a ravine above Rt and Rw. Each village each have a pack classified.
5.2.2.3 Community Organizations Village Batukaras
Community organizations that we found in the village Batukaras include:
1. Youth
2. Union of Fishermen (RN)
3. Union beach volleyball
Knowledge System 5.3
5.3.1 Education
Enculturation and socialization 5.3.1.1
Community Batukaras have enough knowledge in the care of his life, for example in child care. The mothers in Batukaras give exclusive breastfeeding until the age of even three years, they have the knowledge to separate the child how to feed the mixture by applying baterawali on the mother's breast and then he bought child's favorite snacks in spells by an elder or paraji. in daily life more child interacts with his mother because his father make a living, the children are taught manners, how to talk. Walking and after growing up religious norms taught by the Koran at the mosque included the time at dawn, noon and night.
Primary school entry age in the village of Batukaras between 6-7 years. In this case all gender education as no one in the treasure, mostly primary school graduates is, but it's much to universities tunggi the average college in Bandung.
5.3.2 Health
5.3.2.1 Occupation of Village Health Conditions Batukaras
Levels of health in the village have very good Batukaras, where the whole time we were there and we watched beautiful surroundings and cool enough for the size of a beach area, other than that each day Friday, although not all of the people we saw there was a clear path or yard. Every house has a toilet (shower, sink, toilet) on its own. The program of the event village posyandu held once a month.
In real life if someone harimya sick they usually take kapada paramedics or through alternative medicine.
People Eating 5.3.2.2 Batukaras
Batukaras community staple food is rice, side dishes like desertai fish from the sea, eggs and vegetables. As a snack or light meal is a banana, cassava and others. Batukaras people a day eat rice three times that in the morning, noon and night.
Birth Process 5.3.2.3 Batukaras Village
In the age of four months or seven months of pregnancy like a thanksgiving ceremony held a emapt called nujuh monthly or monthly (seven months) it is marked by a rate which at the time of the four monthly interest rate of four kinds and at monthly nujuh seven kinds of flowers and made rujak. For pregnant women we found no specific dietary restrictions unless abstinence is the arrival of the midwife as pregnant women do not work too hard.
KB contraceptive Batukaras village is well known, in the process of childbirth assisted by guguni (paraji) and midwives. This was Guguni midwifery education so mrndapatkan traditional way in the Village less Batukaras has been used.
5.4 Livelihoods
Most rural people's livelihoods as fishermen Batukaras partly as a farmer, gardening, making kerajianan (Home Industry), breed and work in wiasata object.
5.4.1 Types of small industrial products / Household
a. Creating hateup
hateup this eurih made of leaves (dahon) then arranged and tied by a string of new bamboo after it dried. Guannya to Hateup this as a replacement tile roof.
b. knick-knacks made from shells, such as key chains, pins, etc.
c. sea jelly
d. broom stick (a broom nyere)
c. making salted fish
Distribution of these products is not much out of the village, it is because the Village is a tourist attraction Batukaras already crowded. The product had a broom stick, there are orders from pangandaran by an Airport.
5.5 Art
Art is a creativity that was created to be enjoyed by the community. In the village there are only a few Batukaras traditional arts such as puppet show, gamelan and calung where both art is rarely performed and nearly defeated by the orchestra dangdut, besides the lack of future generations to learn these arts.
5.6 Technology and Equipment
Community Batukaras has equipment to support the activities of daily life, both to find fish and equipment for gardening and other activities including:
a. Farming equipment: a modern tool that has such a traditional tractor and cows for plowing, and a hoe / Hoe.
b. Kitchenware: modern tool of magic jar, dispenser, and the stove while the traditional instruments of hihid, pans, langseng, boboko, ladle, kastrol, coet and quality.
c. Tools to find the fish: boat, kecrik, useup, sirib, heurap (large kecrik)
CULTURAL DATA
Religion System 5.1
Villagers Batukaras all Muslims. Very strong religious teaching in various aspects of daily life, though still a bit mixed with the culture. The next things that we found in the Village Batukaras:
5.1.1 The value or norm that norms derived from religion or belief
Batukaras villagers are holding fast to the Quran and Hadith, this can be seen in the way of life, where every time, especially when the prayer times, people go to the mosque to perform prayers without holding mengiraukan work and study of mothers and fathers fathers every once a month. The confidence of parents who still adhered to the ancestral beliefs (animism).
5.1.2 restrictions
Batukaras villagers strongly believe that there goddess Nyi Roro Kidul, which according to them on Friday night and forbidden to catch fish, reportedly said at the time goddess Nyi Roro Kidul is not allowed and will be very angry if there are people who still go out to sea on Friday. Other prohibitions are prohibited on the mountain hermitage Great Worship with good intentions do not, ask for the number for example.
5.1.3 Trust in the things Magical and magical
belief in supernatural or magical powers are still strong belief in family life sunda, including rural communities Batukaras Cijulang district. Village Community Batukaras believe in the supernatural as the goddess Nyi Roro Kidul, it is marked by a ceremony in which a party Maulud tribute to Dewi Roro Kidul singing a ceremonial feast known as the sea (sea lavatory). Believe in the goddess spirits in Horse Cave of the Demon snake goddess Salama (See Appendix photo), the mountain is considered sacred cone, resin stone is a typical rock Batukaras where if anyone tried to destroy the stone then it will be a very severe illness.
5.1.4 Ceremony
Traditional ceremonies are often performed at the ceremony Batukaras sea lavatory done on the moon as a sign of purification Maulud beach and boat, or known by the term meaning as ngaruat thanks for the catch of fish which is always a lot better and hope in the future, all the lavatory This sea is believed by the fishermen as a feast for the goddess Nyi Roro Kidul. In this ceremony can not be separated from the offering, including:
- Rice cone
- Artificial
- Young Coconut
- Ketupat
- Tangtang wind
- Rurujakan
- The head of a goat or buffalo
- Flower seven way
- Roko
- Eggs
- Porridge red and white, and
- Coffee
Requirements for this sea urination presented by all citizens Batukaras, where all requirements were being paraded by the society along the coast, then the fishermen went to sea in a boat to throw all the offerings except the rice cone. After throwing the offering, the fishermen returned to shore to read the letter Yaasin together after it was followed by eating rice cone. After all the rituals sea urination is completed, the village has been prepared pageklaran puppet show as entertainment for people during the day and night.
5.1.4.1 Religious
Batukaras Village Community has a high religious in every aspect of life. Behavior or actions are shown in religious ceremonies. Although the traditional ceremony itself can not be separated from religious ceremonies. Here are the usual religious ceremonies held Batukaras rural communities, among others:
- Birthday of Prophet Muhammad SAW
- Hari raya Idul Fitri
- Hari Raya Idul Adha
- New Hijri Year
Rite Life Cycle 5.1.4.2
a. birth
Sundanese culture is rich in noble, worthy to be preserved. One of the cultural richness that we found in Batukaras is about the birth ceremony, conducted by a Guguni (paraji). In addition Guguni also known as midwife. The ceremony is believed to birth Batukaras society is as follows:
- After the baby is born, Guguni off Bali from the umbilical cord or placenta and Bali were buried or swept away, depending on the request of parents of the baby. When Bali was buried, the grave should be planted with a palette (a chimney made of wood diameter ichi 1) is intended to avoid interference back from ants.
- Ceremony 40 days. This is marked by a haircut on the baby and giving the name, if at all circumcised baby girl. At this ceremony performed marhabaan led by a chaplain or clergy, where the participants are fathers. Marhabaan was conducted in the afternoon or evening. The tools used are scissors blades, bowl, flowers seven way.
b. marriage
The wedding ceremony is very sacred ceremony. Nuptial arrangement Batukaras Village is as follows:
- Application, the man came to the woman, with represented by people who believed in bringing some food. And determine the time of marriage.
- Seserahan, the man came to the woman with a few clothes and food and was escorted by relatives to the bride's house.
- Akad nikah, the event was led by Amilin or headman accompanied officers from KUA and the witnesses on the part of men or of women, usually done in the mosque.
- Provision of dowry or dowry, this is usually done by the men on the part of women, depending on the size of the dowry agreement bridegroom and women. This can be a dowry of gold, money, alast prayers.
- Entertainment, the entertainment community to Batukaras presented at the wedding, is the hum and calung but now it is often presented dangdut orchestra.
- The neighbors or citizens come to the wedding ceremony with a basin containing a light meal of rangginang, opaque and bananas. (see attached photo)
c. death
The ritual is usually done by the community when there is Batukaras meningga are as follows:
1. ceremony led body headed by an elder, where the elder is Mr. Jain Batukaras. The requirement for people who take the corpse to the cemetery (the cemetery) include: must have married, had left the worldly interests, should have masagi, meaning capable in all respects, Mr. Jain example.
2. Ceremonies 7 days (tujuhna) on this seven-day ceremony, conducted tahlilan and prayers for those who died, led by elders or clergy, and served a light meal such as rangginang, opaque and others.
3. ceremony 40 days (mature twenty) on these 40 events, made tahlilan and prayers as in the seven daily events or tujuhna. Then the grave with water by a family prayer. Then the grave was on the wall. (see attached photo)
5.2 System organization and kemasarakatan
5.2.1 Kinship
5.2.1.1 Kinship
In Batukaras community kinship which is close enough where people who had relatives diangggap was the brother of the father or mother, as emang to call the father or mother's brother male, younger aunt calls for women's father or mother, Aang calls for men more mature than us or respected and teteh to call a more mature woman or respected.
As for the pancakaki known in Batukaras (see attachment)
Marriage System 5.2.1.2
In the system we do not find marriage things specifically in the village Batukaras. Community Batukaras jodonya freed his own choosing in accordance with their beloved ones, the age limit for marriage in the village Batukaras least 17 years of age.
After marriage they usually stay in the woman's parents, if they already have their own homes, they moved after a week after the wedding ceremony took place, at the time led them to occupy the new home of the introduction of most of their own relatives to bring dishes, rice, mats and equipment other households, it indicates a siloka or symbols for the child. System of polygamy in the Village Batukaras still embraced by the community in divorce as well as where the property seterlah divorced his wife belonged.
A family is usually more than one family. In addition to parents and their children, usually in one house there was 'old-fashioned father' and 'ovarian prudish' and the law of his daughter who was married.
Division of labor in the household, a father became head of the family and duty to make a living for young families, as for the wife to work just to help the family economy alone. Village Batukaras also no gender differences in male and female alike. Decision making in the family held a family council and a decision by a majority vote or decision of the father of the family head.
5.2.2 Social organization
5.2.2.1 Structure
(See attachment)
Village Leadership Batukaras 5.2.2.2
As an administrative unit of a village has a village government system that took care of the village chief or village headman who is obligated to take care rural households, hold a meeting with residents, care of public works, as well as taking care of village property. ravine under no such thing as 'Mr. Golong' which is classified pa Rt and Rw supervise and manage all the activities that will take place at the ceremony dusunnya like sea lavatory. So pack position is classified under a ravine above Rt and Rw. Each village each have a pack classified.
5.2.2.3 Community Organizations Village Batukaras
Community organizations that we found in the village Batukaras include:
1. Youth
2. Union of Fishermen (RN)
3. Union beach volleyball
Knowledge System 5.3
5.3.1 Education
Enculturation and socialization 5.3.1.1
Community Batukaras have enough knowledge in the care of his life, for example in child care. The mothers in Batukaras give exclusive breastfeeding until the age of even three years, they have the knowledge to separate the child how to feed the mixture by applying baterawali on the mother's breast and then he bought child's favorite snacks in spells by an elder or paraji. in daily life more child interacts with his mother because his father make a living, the children are taught manners, how to talk. Walking and after growing up religious norms taught by the Koran at the mosque included the time at dawn, noon and night.
Primary school entry age in the village of Batukaras between 6-7 years. In this case all gender education as no one in the treasure, mostly primary school graduates is, but it's much to universities tunggi the average college in Bandung.
5.3.2 Health
5.3.2.1 Occupation of Village Health Conditions Batukaras
Levels of health in the village have very good Batukaras, where the whole time we were there and we watched beautiful surroundings and cool enough for the size of a beach area, other than that each day Friday, although not all of the people we saw there was a clear path or yard. Every house has a toilet (shower, sink, toilet) on its own. The program of the event village posyandu held once a month.
In real life if someone harimya sick they usually take kapada paramedics or through alternative medicine.
People Eating 5.3.2.2 Batukaras
Batukaras community staple food is rice, side dishes like desertai fish from the sea, eggs and vegetables. As a snack or light meal is a banana, cassava and others. Batukaras people a day eat rice three times that in the morning, noon and night.
Birth Process 5.3.2.3 Batukaras Village
In the age of four months or seven months of pregnancy like a thanksgiving ceremony held a emapt called nujuh monthly or monthly (seven months) it is marked by a rate which at the time of the four monthly interest rate of four kinds and at monthly nujuh seven kinds of flowers and made rujak. For pregnant women we found no specific dietary restrictions unless abstinence is the arrival of the midwife as pregnant women do not work too hard.
KB contraceptive Batukaras village is well known, in the process of childbirth assisted by guguni (paraji) and midwives. This was Guguni midwifery education so mrndapatkan traditional way in the Village less Batukaras has been used.
5.4 Livelihoods
Most rural people's livelihoods as fishermen Batukaras partly as a farmer, gardening, making kerajianan (Home Industry), breed and work in wiasata object.
5.4.1 Types of small industrial products / Household
a. Creating hateup
hateup this eurih made of leaves (dahon) then arranged and tied by a string of new bamboo after it dried. Guannya to Hateup this as a replacement tile roof.
b. knick-knacks made from shells, such as key chains, pins, etc.
c. sea jelly
d. broom stick (a broom nyere)
c. making salted fish
Distribution of these products is not much out of the village, it is because the Village is a tourist attraction Batukaras already crowded. The product had a broom stick, there are orders from pangandaran by an Airport.
5.5 Art
Art is a creativity that was created to be enjoyed by the community. In the village there are only a few Batukaras traditional arts such as puppet show, gamelan and calung where both art is rarely performed and nearly defeated by the orchestra dangdut, besides the lack of future generations to learn these arts.
5.6 Technology and Equipment
Community Batukaras has equipment to support the activities of daily life, both to find fish and equipment for gardening and other activities including:
a. Farming equipment: a modern tool that has such a traditional tractor and cows for plowing, and a hoe / Hoe.
b. Kitchenware: modern tool of magic jar, dispenser, and the stove while the traditional instruments of hihid, pans, langseng, boboko, ladle, kastrol, coet and quality.
c. Tools to find the fish: boat, kecrik, useup, sirib, heurap (large kecrik)
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